1. Search for Text: Enter the model designation or code number- active or discontinued, partial or complete. 2. You can select the Application area, but it is not mandatory. 3. Select the Refrigerant. This is not absolutely necessary, but it will limit the list of possible models. 4. If you know the manufacturer, you can select this. 6.How can the BTU rating of a compressor be determined? Capacity ratings for Copeland® compressors are found on our published performance curves. These curves can be obtained through our wholesalers or from the Online Product Information section of our website. To use these curves, convert the measured suction and …Please contact our team for technical assistance on Copeland™ Mobile, Copeland™ Select, AE Bulletins, Copeland e-Saver, HVAC Check & Charge and HVACR Fault Finder mobile applications. Support for our Copeland™ products is just a click away. Get the help and information you need by following our support pages linked here. Model variation Long stroke Volt 220 - 230 380 - 420 Single-phase motor, with start- and run capacitor and relay Motor type Mineral oil 220 - 240 Bill of material number 220 220 - 240 500 - 550 250 - 280 440 - 480 220 - 240 440 - 480 DWM Copeland 2 - cylinder compressors air or water-cooled Short stroke Overcurrent thermal protection switch ...Features. Multi-Refrigerant Approved. Full Temperature Range. Excellent Efficiency From Discus Technology. Digital Models Available With 33% to 100% Operation. CoreSense Technology. Fixed and Variable Speed Operation.In today’s world, many of us prefer communicating via email and text message — so much so that we might find it odd to get a phone call. And when we don’t recognize the number or don’t have it saved to our contacts list, it can be a little ...K Series Reciprocating Compressor; E Series Reciprocating Compressor; L Series Reciprocating Compressor; H Series Reciprocating Compressor; ... The names and part numbers referenced herein are trade marks for …White-Rodgers Cross Reference/Product Information. Access product information with our powerful cross reference for OEM, competitive and White-Rodgers products. Copeland offers the tools and insight you need to get your job done quickly, efficiently and correctly.• The Copeland Scroll compressor design has several inherent reliability advantages: ... Compressor Model BOM Number Rotalock Connection Oil Sight Glass ... Model Cond. Temp. oC Evap. Temp. oC-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 7 ZF06KQE TFC TFD TFP QBay Area Air Conditioning & Heating recommends Carrier Infinity Greenspeed intelligence heat pump systems which feature the Copeland Scroll variable speed compressor, enabling increased comfort and year-round savings. Copeland, an Emerson brand, leads the industry in air conditioner compressor innovation and HVAC-R application expertise. Application Capacity. Application Capacity is capacity associated with a nominal 10°F TD, 25°F/-20°F SST application condition historically established to successfully size equipment and components to satisfy a heat load, net of all influences, in an application. Enter your legacy model number. Lookup New Equivalent Model.copeland compressor model numbers provide extreme support and help retain the shape and firmness of breasts in the long-run. They are ideal for preventing physical injuries and discomfort during workouts. copeland compressor model numbers are available in a wide variety depending on the type of activities, impact and body type they are meant for.Monitoring Compressor Health Ensures Availability and Throughput. Compressors are used for a wide variety of gas compression services in chemical facilities. Since they are mechanical, rotating equipment, condition monitoring is critical to ensuring uninterrupted operation. Emerson has all the necessary tools to monitor compressor health.100 = std. comp. used in copeland cond. units. 200 = std. comp. and component parts 201 = 201 and larger will be assigned for all other variations. 800 = std. replacement compressor and component. 240 volt control. 801 = std. replacement compressor and component. 120 volt control. a external inherent protection. one protector, (line break). use ... computer room cooling, we have a compressor that is just right for the job. Copeland Scroll Compressors More than 100 million installations worldwide Over 3 million Copeland Scroll UltraTech and Copeland Scroll Digital compressors installed 25 years experience as the leader in scroll compression technologyThis booklet covers in detail electrical service information on welded compressors, Copelametic®, Copeland Scroll®, and Copeland Screw™ compressors. In addition, …Next, use the compressor model number to enter the accessory tables and find the necessary accessories. These include Circuit Breakers, Service Valve Kits, Terminal Box Kits, Crankcase Heaters. You can also selectCompressor Model # Capacity (Tons) Shipping Weight (Lbs.) COM01447 COM06002 3E5*40W 50 784 COM01448 COM06003 3E5*50W 60 884 COM01449 COM06004 3E5*60W 75 916 COM02109 COM06005 3E5*80W 100 1005 Model E - Semihermetic Compressors Best Better ReSpecT COM # Series 6000 COM # Compressor Model # …Operating principles of the Copeland Scroll compressor are described in Figure 7. The ZP*K6 compressors include a number of features outlined in the table below. Nomenclature The model numbers of the Copeland Scroll compressors include the approximate nominal 60 Hz capacity at standard operating conditions. An example would …Copeland Compressor - Model Model CR62KQM TFD-202. Horsepower (HP): 5. Rated Load Amps (RLA): 8.8. Locked Rotor Amps (LRA): 55. Refrigerant: R22. Electrical power: 380-420V/3P/50Hz. Copeland Compressor - Model Model CR62KQM TFD-202. For best choice and price, please visit Compressor Viet Nam. Special offer for extensive order of Copeland ...Learn about CI/CD, its importance, and how it supercharges the development lifecycle for agile development and operations teams in DevOps and SRE models. Trusted by business builders worldwide, the HubSpot Blogs are your number-one source f...1. Search for Text: Enter the model designation or code number- active or discontinued, partial or complete. 2. You can select the Application area, but it is not mandatory. 3. Select the Refrigerant. This is not absolutely …This is a 2 Ton 208/220 Volts 1-Phase Direct Factory Replacement Compressor (Copeland) The Copeland Model # is CR22K6-PFV-875. This is Copeland's recommended replacement for old Copeland parts CRC1-0175-PFV-970 & CRC2-0175-PFV-970. It is rated at 22,100 BTU.Thanks for looking and good luck! Volts 60 Hz 208/230-1. Phase 1.Capacitor run-permanent split capacitor motor type. Internal inherent protection-one-protector (line break) Use with contactor. Compressor family Series. Model variation. 45 oz initial oil charge, 43 oz oil recharge. 7.5 in L x 7.5 in W x 14.94 in H mounting. 20.4 A-rated load, 102 A locked rotor, 28.5 A minimum circuit, 22.8 A maximum operating.Copeland Scroll refrigeration compressors (such as ZBxxKA-PFV) are designated by a "Z" in the first position of the model number. The second position determines the application range (B = high/medium temperature, S = medium temperature, F = low temperature). The third and fourth positions represent the first two digits of the capacity of the ...Guidelines What does a model number tell you?Sometimes abbreviated as model or model no., a model number is a unique number given to each product made by com...Copeland™ How to determine the date of production/manufacture or age of Copeland™ HVAC Systems. The date of production/manufacture or age of Copeland™ HVAC equipment can be determined from the serial number located on the data plate. Parent Company: Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc.Whether you need a York furnace model number or a Goodman furnace model number, it’s a good idea to know where to find furnace model numbers and how to decode them. These numbers are essential when searching for replacement parts.With comprehensive training courses, system design and testing services, and technical answers, Copeland is here to help. Emerson commercial refrigeration not only provides wide range of compressor products, solutions, electronics and controls but also shares its expertise via the E360 Platform, training and support, and regulation information.Find here Copeland Compressor, Copeland Refrigeration Compressors manufacturers, suppliers & exporters in India. Get contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Copeland Compressor, Copeland Refrigeration Compressors, Copeland Semi Hermetic Compressor across India. ... Reciprocating Compressor. Model Name/Number: ZR48KC ...Copeland lookup serial number discussion Addison Air Conditioning Systems, Copeland The installer name and phone number, sequence # During Week For Bristol Stroll Compressors. ... lookup Compressor at numbers by Model and Serial Numbers. Skuttle Manufacturing Company 18, was Manufactured on August 29, start of Copeland Brand Model # Or Part ...If you don’t have one, please contact the Norlake Service and Warranty Department by phone 800-388-5253 or via email at [email protected]. 1. Name and complete address of the person or institution seeking reimbursement. 2. Name and complete address of the customer serviced. 3.the drop-down menu and enter the competitor model number. For additional guidance, you may watch an instructional video on this tool functionality. Can I find replacements for obsolete Copeland models or parts? Yes. Using the Cross-Reference tab, choose Copeland to Copeland from the drop-down menu and enter the model number of the obsolete ...Copeland™ CF Compressor for Low Temperature Refrigeration. SHARE. SKU: CF06K6E-TF5-945. Versatility and a wide choice of operating ranges make Copeland hermetic compressors the first choice for every refrigeration need. The breadth of our hermetic line means system design engineers can match the right compressor to the job requirement for ...Previously Used / Radwell Certified. $930.00. SKU: 89337340. Call 800.884.5500 for Availability. or send us a message. Contact Us. CR16K6-PFV-270 Air Compressor from COPELAND 2-Year Warranty - DISCONTINUED BY MANUFACTURER, COMPRESSOR, 1-1/4HP, 208/230V, 1PH, REPLACEMENT.We Are Engineered for Sustainability. Sustainability is no small ambition. That's why Copeland is built for action on a global scale. Everything we do is geared toward a more sustainable future—for our generation and all those to come. Through groundbreaking innovations, HVACR technology and cold-chain solutions, we are reducing carbon ...Mobile access to over 30 years of Copeland product information. The Copeland Mobile smartphone app provides on-the-go access to Emerson's online product information (OPI) database for Copeland product specifications. This database includes both air conditioning and refrigeration products used in a…The only universal start assist device approved for Copeland single-phase compressors is a PTCR (Positive Temperature Coefficient Resistor) device with a resistance as low as 12.5 ohms or higher. These devices are made by various manufacturers and are applied parallel to the run capacitor.Number –270 indicates a standard compressor B/M with crankcase heater. 3. Number –500 series indicates international standard compressor B/M and model number. 4. Number –730 indicates a standard OEM service B/M and model number. 5. Number –700 and –900 series indicate standard OEM and Wholesaler service B/M and model number. 6.• The Copeland Scroll compressor design has several inherent reliability ... Compressor model Motor code BOM number Stub tube connection Rotalock connection Oil sight glass Schrader ... Model Cond. temp. oC Evap. temp. oC-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 7 ZF06KQE TFC TFD QCopeland is dedicated to supporting contractors and technicians on the job. Our support staff is always ready to assist you. Find support by product; Jump To Section. Find support by product; Search Technical Support by Product. Choose the product category, then select the product or service to find support information and resources ...May 19, 2014 · Search filters applied Published 05/19/2014 09:57 AM | Updated 05/19/2014 09:57 AM How can the BTU rating of a compressor be determined? Copeland™ Service CR Compressor Cross Reference Guide Copeland™ Three Phase Compressor Models TONNAGE CR6/5 Ton CRKQ CR7 CR1,2,3 CRKF CRKH ZRK5/K3 1.5T CR18K6-TF5 CR18KQ-TF5 CRA1-0150-TF5 CRA1-0150-TFC CR18K6-TFD CR18KQ-TFD CRA1-0150-TFD 2T CR22K6-TF5 CRC1-0175-TF5 ZR21K5-TF5 CR22K6-TFD …SKU: CS20K6E-PFV-945. Versatility and a wide choice of operating ranges make Copeland hermetic compressors the first choice for every refrigeration need. The breadth of our hermetic line means system design engineers can match the right compressor to the job requirement for optimum energy efficiency. Copeland compressors are available to ...2 Note The components listed in this catalogue are not released for use with caustic, poisonous or flammable substances. Emerson Climate Technologies GmbH cannot be held responsible for any damage caused by using these substances.Compressor brochure discusses suction cutoff unloading, efficiency improvements and details an operating cost comparison between Carlyle and Copeland. Lit. No. 570-720 This provides a look at all the pieces and parts that are replaced or remanufactured in a Carlyle factory authorized remanufactured compressor. A written description of numerous ...LG Scroll Compressor Cross Reference Replacements based on +/- 10% actual capacity Model Cap (BTU) Model Cap (BTU) Volts RLA (MCC /1.56) MFD Volts Height (inch) Suction_ID (inch) Suction_H (inch) Discharge_ID (inch) Discharge_H (inch) ZR22K3-PFV 22,400 SQA022KA* ZR24K3-PFV 24,500 SQA026KA* ZR26K3-PFV 26,600 SQA026KA* ZR28K3-PFV 28,500 SQA026KA ...This is a brand new 2.5 - 3 Ton's 208/230 Volt 1-Phase 28,000 BTU Direct Factory Replacement Copeland Compressor. The Model # is CR28K6-PFV-875. This is Copeland's upgraded replace for old part #s CR28K6-PFV-960 & CR28K6-PFV-970. Running Current @ BTUH 14.0 Amperes. Discharge Inside Diameter 3/8 Inch.Copeland Portal Support. For Copeland Portal support, call 1-844-529-7943.HVAC and refrigeration technical support page supporting Emerson contractors and technicians.Hit Ctrl+F and enter your model number for a quick search! View All Close. ... 5 uf/MFD and 370/440 volts (440 volt capacitors are considered upgrades for 370 volt capacitors). It replaces the part numbers listed below. ... This is a 2 Ton 208/220 Volts 1-Phase Direct Factory Replacement Compressor (Copeland) The Copeland Model # is CR22K6-PFV ...The best barcode label printers include models from Zebra, Star Micronics, Epson, and more. Read our full guide for details. Retail | Buyer's Guide REVIEWED BY: Meaghan Brophy Meaghan has provided content and guidance for indie retailers as...Number -270 indicates a standard compressor B/M with crankcase heater. 3. Number -500 series indicates international standard compressor B/M and model number. 4. Number -730 indicates a standard OEM service B/M and model number. 5. Number -700 and -900 series indicate standard OEM and Wholesaler service B/M and model number. 6.If you need to verify the credentials of a professional, such as a doctor, lawyer, or contractor, one of the most important pieces of information you’ll want to obtain is their license number.The physical characteristics of the compressor series, such as its footprint, body dimensions, and layout of its stub or service valve connections, which may be …Product Variations. Numbers will be assigned as follows: Number –230 indicates a standard compressor B/M and model number. Number –270 indicates a standard …The model number of the variable speed scroll includes the cubic centimeters per revolution. Figure 1 provides a complete explanation of all of the alpha and numeric characters in the compressor model number. Agency Approval The ZPV and ZHV compressors described in this bulletin will be U.L. recognized. OEM LAB TESTING1.1 — Compressor Model Number Significance 0 6 D R 3 3 7 0 DA 3 6 5 A — (RP)* Model = 0, Package = 1 or 9, A = Shipped Without Oil Oil and Refrigeration (06DR, DM) Unloading Variable: 0 = All Models Except as Noted 5 = No Oil Y = Smart Unloading Models Electrical Characteristics (XL Start Only, Unless Noted):Compressor Cross Reference. Enter Model/Item Number below: New Search. Searched: AE0412Y Results: 10. Email Print TXRef. Condensing Unit Cross Reference. Enter Model/Item Number below: New Search Searched: AE0412Y Results: 10. Email ...Search terms. Screen Reader users press enter to Limit by product. ... What is the difference between the "800" series and the "200" series in the compressor model numbers? Does Copeland honor the warranty on the 800 series compressors? The "200" compressor series are the ones we sold directly to OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers). ...Download the catalogue that contains all product of Emerson corporation including Copeland compressors and Alco controls. The most common products of Copeland are Copeland scroll compressor and Copeland reciprocating compressor. This catalogue includes all products of Copeland and Emerson in the field of refrigeration, air conditioning and heat ...Collaboration delivers high profile innovative solution. Copeland and Tekgard's teamwork, open communication and collaboration, along with Copeland's resources and expertise, helped the U.S. Army improve the design and reliability of its units ensuring full compliance to military standards and specifications. Download Case Study.Whitepages.com provides a reverse phone number lookup feature for 800 numbers in addition to most other landline numbers. Other websites, such as WhoCallsMe.com, provide listings of user-submitted numbers along with user comments about each...The only universal start assist device approved for Copeland single-phase compressors is a PTCR (Positive Temperature Coefficient Resistor) device with a resistance as low as 12.5 ohms or higher. These devices are made by various manufacturers and are applied parallel to the run capacitor.COPELAND MODEL 6D. COPELAND. MODEL 6D. American Hermetics proudly carries Copeland Model 6D compressors. We have a full line of semi-hermetic air conditioning remanufactured compressors assembled to specifications and in stock. Any compressor not in stock can usually be remanufactured within 3-5 business days.Is your A/C System in need of repair or service? Get connected with the best heating and air conditioning contractors in your area. Call an AC Pro Certified contractor today for all HVAC services.Part Number: 300052024. Availability: Qty. 23 in stock for immediate shipment. Email [email protected] for lead time if additional are needed. Quantity. Add to Cart. Description. Copeland ZR190KCE-TED-950 Scroll Compressor 15HP 460V/60/3 380/420/50/3 R22 / R134A POE oil, Sweat With Enhanced Motor Protector Replaces ZR190KC-TED,ZR190KC-TFD ...The Copeland Mobile app includes: • WebApp - instant updates via online product information database. • Auto fill model recommendations. • "Where To Buy" lookup. • Serial number validation. • Model / Serial Number scanning. • Full parts, accessories and bill of materials listings. • Complete air-conditioning and refrigeration ...Up for sale here is a Used Copeland Scroll Compressor Model: ZP20K3EPFV930 Came from a working unit that had a leak in aluminum coils Here is the information we have gathered from the model number: Z- Scroll Compressor P- R410A Refrigerant 20- 20.000 BTU/Hr(1.7 Ton) K5E- is the revision of this type of compressor and is not important when.The Copeland Scroll Digital compressor model numbers are designated by a D in the third character, ZBD30KCETFD. Digital model numbers also includes two digits that indicate the amount of cooling capacity in thousands of Btu/Hr at the 60 Hz ARI rating point in the fourth and fifth digit locations (30K = approximately 30,000 Btu/H).2.5 hp compressor. 7/8 inch hermetic compressor. copeland 7/8 inch compressor. copeland hermetic compressor. refrigerant compressor. H06EA265360. $ 8,027.70 View Contractor Pricing. Compressor, semi-hermetic, 06EA series, 25 HP, MIN, R22, 208-230/460/3/60 volt, no unloading. Nearby Stock.Carrier ZP51K5E-PFV-830 - 51000 BTUh Copeland Scroll Compressor R-410a- 51000 BTUh Copeland Scroll Compressor R-410a. We only ship within the United States. Your Zip: Enter a US zip code. HELP. MENU. CONTACT & SUPPORT. Live Chat Offline: Email Us. SIGN IN. 0. CART.Number 100 is standard compressor used in Copeland brand Condensing Units. 2. Number 200 indicates a STANDARD Compressor Parts B/M and Model No. 3. Number 201 and larger will be assigned for all other variations of a given model. 4. Number 800 indicates a standard replacement Compressor and Component Parts B/M and Model No. 240 volt control. 5.The Copeland Mobile smartphone app provides on-the-go access to Emerson Climate Technologies Online Product Information (OPI) database for Copeland compressor …COPELAND RECIPROCATING. COMPRESSOR SUPPLIERS IN DUBAI-UAE. Copeland is the world’s leading provider of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration. solutions for residential, commercial and industrial applications, supporting the industry with. advanced technology, technical support and training services. Guidelines What does a model number tell you?Sometimes abbreviated as model or model no., a model number is a unique number given to each product made by com...units. 200 = std. comp. and component parts 201 = 201 and larger will be assigned for all other variations. 800 = std. replacement compressor and component. 240 volt control. 801 = std. replacement compressor and component. 120 volt control.Copeland 2.5 Ton Scroll Compressor ZR28K1-PFV-230 ZR28K3-PFV-230 ZR28K3-PFV-260. This is a 2.5 Ton 208/220 Volts 1-Phase Direct Factory Replacement Copeland Scroll Compressor. The Copeland Model # is ZR28K5E-PFV-800. It is rated at 28,400 BTU.In some instances, small piping changes may be required. Thanks for looking and good luck!Compressors in this size range include a number of features outlined in Table 1 below. Nomenclature The model numbers of the Copeland Scroll compressors include the approximate nominal 60 Hz capacity at standard operating conditions. An example would be the ZP90KCE-TFD, which has 90,500 But/hr (26.5kW) cooling capacity at the AHRISahara is the leading supplier of compressors like Copeland Hermetic Compressor, Emerson Copeland and Copeland Discuss compressor in Dubai, UAE. ... Large operating envelope that allows medium and low temperature applications to be covered by one single model with condensing limit as low as 5°C ... The names and part numbers referenced herein ...Thanks to all of you who provided information about the Alliance-Climatuff compressor. Reading it Lennox has a partnership also and helped form Alliance Company in 1996. Market Capital by Emerson/ Copeland at 51%, Trane and Lennox each at 24%+ Looks like there is a lawsuit against Alliance brought by Lennox.The company's three-pronged business model make it very tricky to value. Xiaomi is preparing for an IPO in Hong Kong, and its valuation estimates are already catching eyeballs. Early this year it was reportedly seeking a nearly $200 billion...* All compressors may be operated at ±10% of nameplate voltage . Other Realted Products. KAG-0075 (Air-Cooled) Nom. hp : 3/4, ... The names and part numbers referenced herein are trade marks for Copeland company. Part numbers, images and logo of this organization is used for cross reference and interchange purposes only.units. 200 = std. comp. and component parts 201 = 201 and larger will be assigned for all other variations. 800 = std. replacement compressor and component. 240 volt control. 801 = std. replacement compressor and component. 120 volt control.Collaboration delivers high profile innovative solution. Copeland and Tekgard's teamwork, open communication and collaboration, along with Copeland's resources and expertise, helped the U.S. Army improve the design and reliability of its units ensuring full compliance to military standards and specifications. Download Case Study.Operating principles of the Copeland Scroll compressor are described in Figure 7. The ZP*K6 compressors include a number of features outlined in the table below. Nomenclature The model numbers of the Copeland Scroll compressors include the approximate nominal 60 Hz capacity at standard operating conditions. An example would beThe ZB*KC/ZB*KCE refrigeration scroll model number includes two digits that indicate the amount of cooling capacity in thousands of Btu/H at the 60 Hz ARI rating point (20/120°F) in the third and fourth ... damage requiring compressor replacement. TABLE 7 Copeland P/N 071-0520-07 071-0520-05 071-0547-01 ©2002, 2003 Copeland Corporation.copeland compressor model number lookup . January 17, 2021 . 0. 0 Uncategorized. Naeyc Mission Statement, Cross Country Results, Curcuma Caesia Benefits, Living In ...Embraco NT2192GKV Hermetic Refrigeration Compressor. $870.00 New. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Copeland Crj3-0300-pfv BM 270 Compressor at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products!DVD players are available today in models ranging from the very basic to the sophisticated, with a varying number of features and options. They are designed for use at home, on the road and even in the car, and with most players, connecting...Hermetic compressors - Unless otherwise agreed to by Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc., in-warranty credit will be issued at the OEM’s service price if a service compressor model and serial number are provided. If no replacement information is provided credit value at production price will be issued. Size COM # Description P/N Copeland Model Description 2.33 TON COM10034 2.33 TON SCROLL COM10605 ZP31K5E-TFD-830 2.33 TON SWEAT SCROLL 3 TON COM10050 3 TON SWEAT SCROLL COM11582 ZP38K5E-TFD-830 3 TON SWEAT SCROLLThe new commercial compressor line will help Emerson customers meet Department of Energy (DOE) , Marketing Brochures. GENERAL. NA Aftermarket Line Ca, nomenclature details. For individual model range nomenclature, see, Copeland Compressor Serial Number Lookup Rating: 6,4/10 9487reviews Discus compre, Embraco NT2192GKV Hermetic Refrigeration Compressor. $870.00 New. Find many great new & , Compressor : ZR34K3E-PFJ. Running capacitor : 50/370 MFD. Supply : 220V, 50Hz, single phase. The c, Search Amazon. EN. Hello, sign in. Account & Lists Returns & Ord, 1. Search for Text: Enter the model designation or code number-, Copeland Scroll 4-9 HP ZF*K4 for Refrigeration. SH, characteristics of the compressor on which it is used. Typical moun, Copeland Reciprocating E Series Compressors Suppliers in Dub, Technical information about the available or obsolete C, Only seven sizes are needed for most Copeland compr, 1 to 5 Ton ZP*K6 R-410A Copeland Scroll™ Compressors - h, Number –100 is standard compressor used in Copeland, 1 compressors bristol compressors compressor model number system h 8, Posting Permissions. I'm trying to identify the age of a , Electrical designations (such as PFV) are the same as.