U.S. Code: Title 28. 1 Court of Claims Rules were replaced by U.S. Claims Court Rules effective Oct. 1, 1982, and subsequently by United States Court of Federal Claims Rules effective Dec. 4, 1992. 2 Admiralty Rules were superseded July 1, 1966, by Supplemental Rules for Certain Admiralty and Maritime Claims. Elim. Rep. See Civ. Proc. R. 75. Rep. section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30–43. See, also, reviser’s note under section 1332 of this title.) Words ‘‘wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $3,000, exclusive of interest and costs,’’ were added to conform to rulings of the Su-preme Court.Jan 1, 2018 · (3) To redress the deprivation, under color of any State law, statute, ordinance, regulation, custom or usage, of any right, privilege or immunity secured by the Constitution of the United States or by any Act of Congress providing for equal rights of citizens or of all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States; Jan 1, 2018 · (1) In general.--A civil action in which a defendant is an officer or employee of the United States or any agency thereof acting in his official capacity or under color of legal authority, or an agency of the United States, or the United States, may, except as otherwise provided by law, be brought in any judicial district in which (A) a defendant in the action resides, (B) a substantial part ... Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 394 (Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, ... The revised section and section 2071 of this title effect no change in the procedure of the Tax Court before which certain accountants may be admitted as counsel for litigants under Rule 2 of the Tax Court.Respondents premised jurisdiction on a district court’s ordinary federal-question authority under 28 U.S.C. § 1331 to resolve “civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws and treaties of the United States.”Respondents filed their collateral Constitutional actions to enjoin the FTC’s and SEC’s administrative actions despite the fact that b...Abstract. Title 28, section 1331 of the United States Code provides the jurisdictional grounding for the majority of cases heard in the federal courts, yet it is not well understood. The predominant view holds that section 1331 doctrine both lacks a focus upon congressional intent and is internally inconsistent.1957—Pub. L. 85–315 inserted “and elective franchise” in section catchline and added par. (4). 1954—Act Sept. 3, 1954, substituted “section 1985 of Title 42” for “section 47 of Title 8” wherever appearing. 28 U.S.C. § 1332 (a) grants the federal district courts original jurisdiction of all civil actions where (1) the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $75,000, exclusive of interest and costs and (2) the dispute is between citizen of different states. 28 U.S.C. § 1441 (a), in turn, permits a defendant to remove a civil case ...Notes. § 1331. Reference to chapter 1223. Provisions of law relating to retired pay for nonregular service are set forth in chapter 1223 of this title (beginning with section 12731). (Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1662 (j) (7), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3005 .) CITE AS: 10 USC 1331.The provisions of section 71 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with respect to removal of actions under the Federal Employer's Liability Act (U.S.C., 1940 ed., title 45, Railroads, §§51–60) and actions against a carrier for loss, damage, or delay to shipments under section 20 of title 49, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Transportation, are incorporated in ... The Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit shall review the matter referred in accordance with the standards specified in section 7107(b) of title 41.The court shall proceed with judicial review on the administrative record made before the board of contract appeals on matters so referred as in other cases pending in such court, shall determine the issue of …According to archaeological and genetic evidence, the first Americans came from northeast Asia. Up to 28,000 years ago, a small distinct population of humans crossed the Bering Strait land bridge to populate the northwestern section of Nort...28 USC § 1331 - The Statutory Component For federal question jurisdiction to exist, the requirements of 28 USC 1331 must also be met. This statute gives federal courts …A reference in section 71 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., to sections 51–59 of title 45, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Railroads, was changed to “51–60.” Such sections 51–59 embraced all of chapter 2 of said title 45 when the law on which such section 71 is based was enacted, but a new section (60) was added in 1939.This section amends section 1333(a)(1) of title 28, U.S.C., by substituting "suitors" for "libellant or petitioner" to conform to the language of the law in existence at the time of the enactment of the revision of title 28. Editorial Notes Amendments. 1949-Subd. (1). Act May 24, 1949, substituted "suitors" for "libellant or petitioner".The revised section retains the language of section 41(20) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with respect to actions against the United States if the collector is dead or not in office when action is commenced, and consequently maintains the long existing distinctions in practice between actions against the United States and actions against the ... Respondents premised jurisdiction on a district court’s ordinary federal-question authority under 28 U.S.C. § 1331 to resolve “civil actions arising under the …Sec. 1331 - Federal question. Download PDF. Citation. 28 U.S.C. § 1331 (2021) Section Name. §1331. Federal question. Section Text. The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States.43 U.S.C. § 1331. Current through P.L. 117-148 (published on www.congress.gov on 06/16/2022) (a) OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF.-The term "outer Continental Shelf" means all submerged lands lying seaward and outside of the area of lands beneath navigable waters as defined in section 1301 of this title, and of which the …Although the language of Section 1331 is similar to the constitutional text authorizing the grant of federal question jurisdiction, ... 18 Stat. 470 (codified at 28 U.S.C. § 1331 (a)). The 1875 statute, like the current federal question statute, used language similar to that of the Constitution. Early cases interpreting the statutory language ...See 28 U.S.C. § 1332. So, if a citizen of New York sues a citizen of California for more than $75,000, a federal court would have subject-matter jurisdiction to hear that claim. ... See 28 U.S.C. § 1331. Federal question jurisdiction requires that the federal element appears on the face of a well-plead complaint, is a substantial component of ...Congress amended the current federal question statute, 28 U.S.C § 1331, in 1976 and 1980 to eliminate the jurisdictional amount requirement. Pub. L. No. 94-574, 90 Stat. 2721; …Under Section 1331, federal courts have jurisdiction over civil actions that “arise under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States.”. Most cases brought in federal court rely on section 1331 for jurisdiction.[4] The most obvious case in which section 1331 applies is when federal law creates the cause of action.United States Code (US Code) includes federal laws on domestic security, aliens and nationality, bankruptcy, copyrights, crimes, food and drugs, taxation, patents and telecom.of this title and amending this section and sections 1441, 1446, and 1453 of this title] shall take effect upon ISTORICAL AND the expiration of the 30-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 7, 2011], and shall apply to any action or prosecution commenced on Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§41(3) and 371 (3),28 U.S.C. 1331 - Federal question. This is the most recent version available on this website. ... section 1331. Date. 2021. Laws In Effect As Of Date. January 3, 2022. Other provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1331, 1332, 1341, 1342, 1345, and 1354 of this title. Provisions of section 80 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., for payment of costs upon dismissal of an action for lack of jurisdiction are incorporated in section 1919 of this title.Pub. L. 96–486, §1, Dec. 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 2369, provided: "That this Act [amending section 1331 of this title and section 2072 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1331 of this title] may be cited as the 'Federal Question Jurisdictional Amendments Act of 1980'." ... The provision in section 213 of the …On May 16, 2016, the Supreme Court of the United States decided Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. v. Manning, No. 14-1132, holding that that the “arising under” test for federal-question jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1331 determines whether federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction under section 27 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) of lawsuits to ...Jan 1, 2018 · Judiciary and Judicial Procedure 28 USCA Section 1331. Read the code on FindLaw 28 U.S.C. § 1331 - U.S. Code Title 28. Judiciary and Judicial Procedure § 1331 | FindLaw Skip to main content For Legal Professionals Find a Lawyer Find a Lawyer Legal Forms & Services Legal Forms & Services Estate Planning District courts have jurisdiction over Bivens causes of action under 28 U.S.C. § 1331 because they are “civil actions arising under the Constitution.” 9. Are attorneys’ fees available in Bivens actions? ... 12 28 U.S.C. § 1391(b)(3). 13. Kreines v. United States, 33 F.3d 1105, 1109 (9th Cir. 1994); Saxner v. Benson, 727 F.2d28 U.S.C. § 1343 - U.S. Code - Unannotated Title 28. Judiciary and Judicial Procedure § 1343. Civil rights and elective franchise. ... To recover damages from any person who fails to prevent or to aid in preventing any wrongs mentioned in section 1985 of Title 42 which he had knowledge were about to occur and power to prevent; (3) To …Within that constitutional framework, the current general federal question statute, 28 U.S.C § 1331, grants the federal district courts original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under …(See annotations under former section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30–43. See, also, reviser's note under section 1332 of this title.) Words "wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $3,000, exclusive of interest and costs," were added to conform to rulings of the Supreme Court.(c) For purposes of subsection (b), an appearance by a foreign state does not confer personal jurisdiction with respect to any claim for relief not arising out of any transaction or occurrence enumerated in sections 1605–1607 of this title. (Added Pub. L. 94–583, §2(a), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2891.) Statutory Notes and Related SubsidiariesMany businesses first come into contact with their customers through their business websites and social media presence. To ensure that a good user experience is established through your business website, it’s important to provide an FAQ sec...U.S. Code. TITLE 1 - GENERAL PROVISIONS. TITLE 2 - THE CONGRESS. TITLE 3 - THE PRESIDENT. TITLE 4 - FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES. TITLE 5 - GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES. TITLE 5a - FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT. TITLE 6 - DOMESTIC SECURITY. TITLE 7 - …Other provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1331, 1332, 1341, 1342, 1345, and 1354 of this title. Provisions of section 80 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., for payment of costs upon dismissal of an action for lack of jurisdiction are incorporated in section 1919 of this title.The remaining provisions of said section 83 are the basis of section 1448 of this title. Subsection (b) is derived from sections 72, 74, 76 and 83 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., which have been rewritten to provide the utmost simplicity and flexibility of procedure in bringing the State court record to the district court. [Editorial Note ...The Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit shall review the matter referred in accordance with the standards specified in section 7107(b) of title 41.The court shall proceed with judicial review on the administrative record made before the board of contract appeals on matters so referred as in other cases pending in such court, shall determine the issue of …(See annotations under former section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30–43. See, also, reviser's note under section 1332 of this title.) Words "wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $3,000, exclusive of interest and costs," were added to conform to rulings of the Supreme Court. (See annotations under former section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30-43. See, also, reviser's note under section 1332 of this title.)Words "wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $3,000, exclusive of interest and costs," were added to conform to rulings of the Supreme Court. See ...Amendment by Pub. L. 104–1 effective one year after transmission to Congress of the study under section 1371 of Title 2, The Congress, see section 1312(f)(2) of Title 2. The study required under section 1371 of Title 2, dated Dec. 31, 1996, was transmitted to Congress by the Board of Directors of the Office of Compliance on Dec. …1978—Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 241(b), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2671, directed the addition of item for chapter 90, “District Courts and Bankruptcy Courts”, which amendment did not become effective pursuant to section 402(b) of Pub. L. 95–598, as amended, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 11, Bankruptcy. volving the meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 1331, the federal statute conferring ... Section 2 of the Act authorized the remov- al from state to federal court of civil ...However, you can use a different law, 28 U.S.C. § 1331, to challenge violations of your constitutional rights by federal officials.7 Section 1331 provides federal courts the power to hear civil claims involving the Constitution or federal laws, and these claims can include lawsuits against federal officials. These lawsuits are called “Bivens” …Words “or treaties” were substituted for “or treaties made, or which shall be made under their authority,” for purposes of brevity. The remaining provisions of section 41 (1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1332, 1341, 1342, 1345, 1354, and 1359 of this title. Changes were made in arrangement and phraseology.Judiciary and Judicial Procedure 28 USCA Section 1331. Read the code on FindLaw 28 U.S.C. § 1331 - U.S. Code Title 28. Judiciary and Judicial Procedure § 1331 | FindLaw Skip to main content For Legal Professionals Find a Lawyer Find a Lawyer Legal Forms & Services Legal Forms & Services Estate Planning§1331. Federal question The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States.This section amends section 1333(a)(1) of title 28, U.S.C., by substituting "suitors" for "libellant or petitioner" to conform to the language of the law in existence at the time of the enactment of the revision of title 28. Editorial Notes Amendments. 1949-Subd. (1). Act May 24, 1949, substituted "suitors" for "libellant or petitioner".The provisions of section 71 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with respect to removal of actions under the Federal Employer’s Liability Act (U.S.C., 1940 ed., title 45, Railroads, §§ 51–60) and actions against a carrier for loss, damage, or delay to shipments under section 20 of title 49, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Transportation, are incorporated ...The district courts shall have original jurisdiction without regard to amount in controversy of any nonjury civil action against a foreign state as defined in section 1603(a) of this title as to any claim for relief in personam with respect to which the foreign state is not entitled to immunity either under sections 1605–1607 of this title or under any applicable international agreement.This section removes an ambiguity in section 1406(a) of title 28, U.S.C., by substituting “may” for “shall”, thus making it clear that the court may decline to transfer a case brought in the wrong district under circumstances where it would not be in the interest of justice to make such transfer.Title 5 U.S.C., Sec. 556 and 558(b); "The proponent of the rule has the burden of proof." Title 5 U.S.C., Sec. 556(d); (1) "Jurisdiction can be challenged at any time, even on final determination." Basso V. Utah Power & Light Co., 495 2nd 906 at 910. (g) When Jurisdiction challenges the act of Federal or State official as being illegal, that ...28 U.S.C. § 1331 (2015) §1331. Federal question. The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States. ... (See annotations under former section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30-43. See, also, reviser's note under ...(See annotations under former section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30–43. See, also, reviser's note under section 1332 of this title .) Words "wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $3,000, exclusive of interest and costs," were added to conform to rulings of the Supreme Court. 1978—Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 238(b), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2668, directed the substitution of “Bankruptcy appeals” for “Bankruptcy matters and proceedings” in item 1334, which amendment did not become effective pursuant to section 402(b) of Pub. L. 95–598, as amended, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 11, Bankruptcy.This section rearranges and restates the fourth sen-tence of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed. Other provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1331, 1332, 1341, 1345, 1354, and 1359 of this title. Words ‘‘at law or in equity’’ before ‘‘in the courts of(See annotations under former section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30-43. See, also, reviser's note under section 1332 of this title.)Words "wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $3,000, exclusive of interest and costs," were added to conform to rulings of the Supreme Court. See ...U.S. Code. TITLE 1 - GENERAL PROVISIONS. TITLE 2 - THE CONGRESS. TITLE 3 - THE PRESIDENT. TITLE 4 - FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES. TITLE 5 - GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES. TITLE 5a - FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT. TITLE 6 - DOMESTIC SECURITY. TITLE 7 - …§1331. Federal question The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States.§1331. Definitions. In this subchapter: (a) Outer Continental Shelf.-The term "outer Continental Shelf" means- (1) all submerged lands lying seaward and outside of the area of lands beneath navigable waters as defined in section 1301 of this title, and of which the subsoil and seabed appertain to the United States and are subject to its jurisdiction and …Jurisdiction under section 1331 for matters arising under the Social Security Act is expressly precluded, however, by 42 U.S.C. § 405(h), which states, "No action against the United States, the Secretary, or any officer or employee thereof shall be brought under sections 1331 or 1346 of Title 28 to recover on any claim arising under this ...Section consolidates section 41(7) with section 371 (5) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with necessary changes in phraseology. Words “of any civil action” were substituted for “all suits at law or in equity” and “cases” to conform section to Rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Word “patents” was substituted for “patent-right” in said section 371 (Fifth) of …Other provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1331, 1341, 1342, 1345, 1354, and 1359 of this title. (See reviser's notes under said sections.) Jurisdiction conferred by other sections of this chapter, except section 1335, is not dependent upon diversity of citizenship. The current diversity jurisdiction provision is codified at 28 U.S.C. § 1332, and grants federal court jurisdiction in all civil actions between citizens of different states and between a citizen of a state and a subject of a foreign state if the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000. Although the broad strokes of these requirements have ...Feb 22, 2008 · Abstract. Title 28, section 1331 of the United States Code provides the jurisdictional grounding for the majority of cases heard in the federal courts, yet it is not well understood. The predominant view holds that section 1331 doctrine both lacks a focus upon congressional intent and is internally inconsistent. 28 U.S.C. § 1331 (2018) Section Name §1331. Federal question: Section Text: The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States. ... The remaining provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1332, 1341, 1342, 1345, 1354, and 1359 of …By Connor Cafferty. “Diversity jurisdiction” in federal court under 28 U.S.C. § 1332 exists when two conditions are met. First, the amount in controversy must exceed $75,000. Second, all plaintiffs must be of different citizenship than all defendants. When diversity jurisdiction exists, a defendant may remove an action from state court to ... 28 USC § 1331 - The Statutory Component For federal question jurisdiction to exist, the requirements of 28 USC 1331 must also be met. This statute gives federal courts jurisdiction only to those cases which "aris[e] under" federal law.(b) Except when express provision therefor is otherwise made in a statute of the United States, where a plaintiff who files the case under section 11706 or 14706 of title 49, originally in the Federal courts is finally adjudged to be entitled to recover less than the sum or value of $10,000, computed without regard to any setoff or counterclaim to which …Section 1331 - Reference to chapter 1223. Provisions of law relating to retired pay for nonregular service are set forth in chapter 1223 of this title (beginning with section 12731).. 10 U.S.C. § 1331. Added Pub. L. 103-337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(j)(7), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3005.have original jurisdiction,” 28 U.S.C. 1441(a), including cases “arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States,” 28 U.S.C. 1331. Congress has added specialized removal provisions over the years. For example, the civil-rights removal statute, 28 U.S.C. 1443, authorizes removal by three(See annotations under former section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30–43. See, also, reviser's note under section 1332 of this title .) Words "wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $3,000, exclusive of interest and costs," were added to conform to rulings of the Supreme Court.Upon timely motion of a party in a proceeding based upon a State law claim or State law cause of action, related to a case under title 11 but not arising under title 11 or arising in a case under title 11, with respect to which an action could not have been commenced in a court of the United States absent jurisdiction under this section, the district court shall abstain from hearing such ...May 17, 2016 · The federal district court denied plaintiff’s attempt to remand to state court on two grounds. First, pursuant to the general federal question jurisdiction statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1331, the case was deemed a “civil action [] arising under” federal law. Second, based on the Act’s Section 27 specific jurisdictional provision, the federal ... §1331. Federal question. The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States. ... The remaining provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1332, 1341, 1342, 1345, 1354, and 1359 of this title. Changes were made in arrangement and …v. t. e. Title 28 ( Judiciary and Judicial Procedure) is the portion of the United States Code (federal statutory law) that governs the federal judicial system . It is divided into six parts: Part I: Organization of Courts. Part II: Department of Justice. Part III: Court Officers and Employees. Part IV: Jurisdiction and Venue.28 USC § 1331 - The Statutory Component For federal question jurisdiction to exist, the requirements of 28 USC 1331 must also be met. This statute gives federal courts jurisdiction only to those cases which "aris[e] under" federal law. ... 28 U.S.C. § 1331. Thus, the Court held that Section 27's jurisdictional test follows the standard for Section 1331, whereby federal jurisdiction over a ...(See annotations under former section 41 of title 28, U.S.C.A., and 35 C.J.S., p. 833 et seq., §§30–43. See, also, reviser's note under section 1332 of this title.) Words "wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $3,000, exclusive of interest and costs," were added to conform to rulings of the Supreme Court. Section consolidates section 41(7) with section 371 (5) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with necessary changes in phraseology. Words “of any civil action” were substituted for “all suits at law or in equity” and “cases” to conform section to Rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.Provisions of section 344 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., relating to procedure for review of decisions of State courts are incorporated in section 2103 of this title. Other provisions of such section 344 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in section 2106 of this title. The revised section applies in both civil and criminal cases.Citation: 28 U.S.C. § 1441 (2021) Section Name §1441. Removal of civil actions: Section Text (a) Generally.—Except as otherwise expressly provided by Act of Congress, any civil action brought in a State court of which the district courts of the United States have original jurisdiction, may be removed by the defendant or the defendants, to the district court of the United States for the ...Document Citations. Citations available for content in Chicago, APA and MLA format. Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience and may not be complete or accurate. (C) that relates to the rights, duties (including fiduciary duties), , 28 USC 1361: Action to compel an officer of the United States to perform , (b) Except when express provision therefor is otherwise made in a statute of the United States, where a plaintiff who, This section consolidates section 223 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with part of section 11–205 of the District of, Abstract. Title 28, section 1331 of the United States Code provides the jurisdictional grounding for the majority o, 14. Id. at 531-32. It should be noted at this point that an action brought under section 1343(3) is not subj, ... 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1332(b) and Federal Rule. 54(d), 45 Marq. L. Rev. 117 (1961) ... By the A, Section effective July 10, 1984, see section 122(a) of Pub. L., 23 ឧសភា 2016 ... Similarly, Section 1331 provides district courts wi, The provisions of section 71 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940, jurisdictional section of title 28 of the United States Code, U.S. Code: Title 28. 1 Court of Claims Rules were replaced by U., Other provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., , 23 ឧសភា 2016 ... Similarly, Section 1331 provides district courts with, Searchable text of the 43 USC 1331 - Definitions (US Code), inc, This section consolidates section 223 of title 28, U, Pub. L. 96–170, §3, Dec. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 1284, provided that: &qu, (1) In general.--A civil action in which a defendant .